British penal colony on the island of Tasmania; settled 1803 as a satellite outpost of New South Wales, established as a separate colony in its own right on 3 December 1825. Received roughly 75,000 transported convicts before transportation ended in 1853 — the highest concentration of any Australian colony.
Renamed the Colony of Tasmania on 1 January 1856 upon receiving responsible self-government (same continuous colonial administration; see 'colony-of-tasmania').
Landmark, prize-winning history of the penal colony's first decades and its frontier — the standard specific work on exactly this polity and period.