Ancient Phoenician port near Carthage, traditionally the oldest Phoenician colony in North Africa.
As Carthage's ally-turned-Roman collaborator, Utica became the capital of the new Roman province of Africa after 146 BCE, then declined when Augustus moved the provincial seat back to a rebuilt Carthage; it dwindled into obscurity as its harbour silted up and was never a distinct polity again.
Covers the Phoenician colonies of North Africa including Utica (broad context).
Broad survey treating the Phoenician settlement of North Africa.
Covers Utica's role in relation to Carthage; brings broader Punic context; Miles covers Utica as a Phoenician predecessor to Carthage