The oldest known cities of the Amazon: thousands of platform mounds linked by sunken roads on the Andean flank of Ecuador, where 'garden urbanism' wove dense settlement into a managed agricultural landscape.
The Sangay and Kilamope settlements were abandoned by around 300-600 CE, very likely after eruptions of the looming Sangay volcano buried the valley in ash.
The atlas holds 2 border frames for Upano Valley Cultures — the shape you scrub through changes in 500 BC · 0.
Complex Amazonian and Andean-flank societies in this survey of the pre-Columbian Americas (broad context, not Upano-specific).
Amazonian mound and platform societies, broad context for the Upano Valley's garden urbanism.