Lagash's persistent rival and the leading city of the Early Dynastic kingdom of Gishsha, Umma's centuries-long border dispute with Lagash produced the world's first documented international boundary agreement.
Conquered by Sargon of Akkad c. 2334 BCE, ending its independence as a city-state; previously the seat of Lugal-Zage-Si who briefly controlled much of Mesopotamia before Sargon's rise.
The atlas holds 2 border frames for Umma — the shape you scrub through changes in 2500 BC · 2299 BC.
Details the Lagash-Umma conflict that is our primary documentary source for Umma's city-state period.
Era/regional classic on Sumer setting Umma's rivalry with Lagash in the broader Early Dynastic context.