Republic proclaimed in 1923 as the successor state to the Ottoman Empire; straddles Anatolia (West Asia) and East Thrace (Southeast Europe).
The atlas holds 2 border frames for Turkey (Republic of Turkiye) — the shape you scrub through changes in 1923 · 1942.
Standard scholarly history of Turkey from the late Ottoman period to the modern republic.
The standard English biography of Mustafa Kemal, founder of the 1923 republic that succeeded the Ottoman Empire.
Nobel laureate Pamuk's novel set in the contemporary Turkish town of Kars, wrestling with secularism vs. political Islam in the modern Republic of Turkiye.