Buffalo hunters of central Texas, nearly destroyed in a single night.
Not an ending: forced off their central-Texas hunting range in 1859 to the Wichita Agency in Indian Territory, and after two more forced moves (Fort Griffin, Texas 1867; Oakland Agency 1884-85), the Tonkawa settled permanently in Kay County, Oklahoma by 1885, where the federally recognized Tonkawa Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma continues today.
The atlas holds 2 border frames for Tonkawa — the shape you scrub through changes in 1691 · 1859.
A scholarly history of Texas Native peoples, including the Tonkawa, through the Spanish, Mexican, and Anglo-Texan eras.
Native enslavement across the Texas-Mexico borderlands the Tonkawa endured (broad regional context).