The unconquered enclave inside the Aztec world — then Spain's indispensable ally.
Kept chartered privileges and native self-rule as a loyal allied republic into the nineteenth century.
The atlas holds 4 border frames for Tlaxcala — the shape you scrub through changes in 1300 · 1338 · 1390 · 1519.
Centers the indispensable role of Tlaxcalan and other indigenous allies, correcting the myth of a Spanish-only conquest.
Essays on the native allies of the conquest, including the Tlaxcalans, who fought as conquistadors and won chartered privileges.
Primary source: Díaz del Castillo was present and provides extensive eyewitness account of the Tlaxcalan alliance with Cortés — essential for understanding this polity's survival strategy.
Era sweeper that extensively covers Tlaxcala's role in the conquest narrative from indigenous perspectives; Townsend uses Nahuatl annals to recover Tlaxcalan viewpoints.
Townsend's translation of seventeenth-century Nahuatl annals from the Tlaxcala-Puebla valley, an indigenous-voice record of colonial Tlaxcala.