A monumental city-state on the south shore of Lake Titicaca whose raised-field farming and stone gateways anchored a far-reaching Andean influence.
Collapsed around 1000 AD amid prolonged drought; its ruins remained a sacred ancestral place to the later Aymara and Inca.
A focused study of the Tiwanaku city-state and its raised-field agriculture on Lake Titicaca.
Tiwanaku within a survey of ancient South America (broad context).
Cambridge UP synthesis of Tiwanaku state formation, economy, and collapse — more recent and accessible than Kolata 1993. Complements the existing reading well.