A confederation of twelve sovereign Sikh warrior-bands (Misls) that rose in the Punjab after the collapse of Mughal authority, jointly resisting Afghan (Durrani) invasions before Ranjit Singh unified the Misls into the Sikh Empire in 1799.
Absorbed 1799-1801 when Ranjit Singh, Misldar of the Sukerchakia Misl, captured Lahore (1799) and consolidated the other Misls under his own rule, founding the unified Sikh Empire.
The atlas holds 2 border frames for Sikh Confederacy (Sikh Misls) — the shape you scrub through changes in 1748 · 1768.
Polity-specific study of the Misl confederal system and its transition into a unified Sikh state.
Standard survey covering the Misl period as the political precursor to the Sikh Empire.