The Gymnesian (Mallorca, Menorca) and Pityusic (Ibiza, Formentera) islands under Rome: conquered by Quintus Caecilius Metellus Balearicus in 123 BC, who founded the colonies of Palma and Pollentia; administered within Hispania Tarraconensis (conventus of Carthago Nova) and later split off as the separate province Hispania Balearica, probably under Constantine.
Conquered by the Vandals under Genseric between 461 and 468 during their war on the Western Roman Empire; briefly recovered for the Eastern Roman Empire by Belisarius's troops in 533/534 after the Battle of Ad Decimum.
A focused scholarly account of the Roman-era Balearic Islands — the exact polity this record tracks.
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