Major Italian maritime republic and Mediterranean trading power; one of the four historical maritime republics, lost independence to Florence in 1406.
Conquered by the Republic of Florence on 9 October 1406 after a prolonged siege under Maso degli Albizzi, ending Pisan independence and incorporating the city into Florentine territory.
The atlas holds 4 border frames for Republic of Pisa — the shape you scrub through changes in 1000 · 1115 · 1160 · 1296.
Dedicated scholarly history of Pisa's rise as a maritime power; available via Cambridge Library Collection and Internet Archive.
Broad survey of Italian city-state politics and culture that contextualises Pisa alongside other maritime republics.