A short-lived secessionist republic proclaimed three times (1899, 1900, 1903) by rubber-boom settlers, mostly Brazilian migrants, in Bolivia's remote Acre territory; the third and most organized uprising, led by José Plácido de Castro, defeated Bolivian forces before Brazil absorbed the territory.
Dissolved in 1903 when Brazil, having brokered the settlers' victory over Bolivia, annexed Acre outright via the Treaty of Petrópolis (negotiated by the Baron of Rio Branco), making it Brazilian territory (later the State of Acre) rather than an independent state.
Directly covers the Acre secession, the Acre War, and the Baron of Rio Branco's diplomacy that ended it with Brazilian annexation.
Broad, verified fallback for the rubber-boom economic context that produced the Acre secession; used only for background, not polity-specific detail.