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Puelche (Gününa küna)

1536 – present
Native nationSouth America

The Gününa küna ('people from the east'), known to the Spanish as Puelche ('people of the east' in Mapudungun), were hunter-gatherers of the northern Patagonian steppe and southern pampas, speaking a language isolate distinct from both the Araucanized Ranquel of the wetter pampas and the Tehuelche further south; progressively Araucanized in language and culture through contact with Mapuche groups from the 18th century.

Decimated and displaced alongside the Ranquel and other pampas/Patagonian peoples by Argentina's 1879-80 Conquest of the Desert; the Gününa küna language went extinct in the 20th century, but Puelche descent and identity persist among Mapuche-Tehuelche communities of Río Negro and La Pampa provinces in 2026.

Borders in 2026 · drawn from 1 sourced border frame
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Further reading

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