Newly independent Albania's first attempt at a modern state under German Prince Wilhelm of Wied, who fled after just six months amid the Peasant Revolt; the principality survived nominally through WWI-era occupation and political fragmentation until the 1920 Congress of Lushnjë restored central government, ending with the 1925 declaration of a republic.
The monarchy was abolished on 31 January 1925 and the Albanian Republic was declared, with Ahmet Zogu as president.
Standard modern English-language history covering the chaotic 1912-1939 state-formation period.