Feared guerrilla warriors of the central cordillera and the upper Magdalena, who under the chief Calarcá threw back the conquistadors for generations from the snow-line of the Quindío.
Targeted in a war of extermination by Juan de Borja from 1605–1618 that broke their power; reduced to the Coyaima and Natagaima resguardos of southern Tolima, where their descendants still farm the Magdalena lowlands.
The atlas holds 3 border frames for Pijao — the shape you scrub through changes in 1550 · 1605 · 1619.
Langebaek on indigenous societies of Andean Colombia, context for the Pijao of the central cordillera (broad regional).
Native historical memory in the Colombian Andes neighbouring the Pijao (broad regional context).