Berber kingdom unified by Masinissa; later partly annexed by Rome after Jugurtha and Juba I.
After Jugurtha's defeat in 105 BCE Numidia continued as a client kingdom; in 46 BCE King Juba I and Roman general Petreius made a mutual suicide pact after their forces were routed by Julius Caesar, and eastern Numidia became the province Africa Nova; the rump western territory was eventually absorbed into Africa Proconsularis by Augustus in 25 BCE when client king Juba II was transferred to Mauretania.
Broad survey covering the Berber kingdom of Numidia.
Primary source — Sallust's Jugurthine War (Bellum Jugurthinum) directly describes Numidian tribal confederations including Masaesyli background and the Jugurthine succession disputes