Xiongnu/Lushuihu-led state (Juqu clan) in the western Hexi Corridor, a major patron of Buddhist translation and cave-temple art (precursor to Dunhuang-region patronage).
Conquered in 439 by the Northern Wei, marking the traditional end of the Sixteen Kingdoms period.
Traces the Juqu Northern Liang and the Hexi Corridor kingdoms of the Sixteen Kingdoms.