The last Inca redoubt — a mountain-and-jungle kingdom northwest of Cusco where four rulers kept a free Tawantinsuyu alive for thirty-five years after the empire fell.
After Manco Inca's 1536 rising failed, he and his sons ruled from Vitcos and Vilcabamba, raiding the Spanish and parleying with viceroys; Viceroy Toledo's expedition stormed the refuge in 1572, capturing and executing the last Inca, Túpac Amaru I, in Cusco's plaza.
The atlas holds 2 border frames for Neo-Inca State of Vilcabamba — the shape you scrub through changes in 1537 · 1572.
Hemming's account culminates in the Vilcabamba redoubt and the fall of the last Inca rulers to Viceroy Toledo.
A narrative history centered on the resistance at Vilcabamba and the rediscovery of the neo-Inca strongholds.