The largest contiguous land empire in history, founded by Genghis Khan in 1206, which united the Eurasian steppe and connected Asia, Europe, and the Middle East through conquest and trade.
Not destroyed in 1259 — after Möngke's death the Toluid Civil War (1260–1264) left the four khanates (Yuan, Chagatai, Ilkhanate, Golden Horde) functionally independent, though Kublai and his Yuan successors kept the nominal title of Great Khan until 1294 and beyond. The uluses fell separately, centuries apart.
The atlas holds 5 border frames for Mongol Empire — the shape you scrub through changes in 1206 · 1218 · 1227 · 1241 · 1260.
The most widely-read modern account of Genghis Khan and the Mongol Empire's global impact.
Classic comparative history of all the steppe empires culminating in the Mongols.
A comprehensive scholarly history of the Mongol Empire's rise, government, and fragmentation.
The Mongols' own chronicle of the empire's founding, in the definitive scholarly translation.