An ancient kingdom in northwestern Iran, south and southeast of Lake Urmia, that navigated a precarious position between the Neo-Assyrian Empire and Urartu during the early first millennium BCE.
Conquered by the Median Empire c. 615–590 BCE; already severely weakened by Scythian invasions in the 7th century BCE and the fall of their Assyrian ally in 612 BCE, the Mannaean population was absorbed into Median/Matieni identity.
The atlas holds 2 border frames for Mannaea — the shape you scrub through changes in 1000 BC · 860 BC.
Authoritative reference for Mannaea and northwestern Iranian kingdoms of the first millennium BCE.
A reliable, readable introduction to the Bronze Age peoples of Anatolia and the Hittite world, the milieu of the Hattians, Arzawa, Kizzuwatna, and Kaska.