Oligarchic gaṇasaṅgha (aristocratic republic) of the Indo-Aryan Malla people in present Uttar Pradesh/Nepal Terai, one of the sixteen Mahajanapadas and part of the wider Vajjika League; the Buddha attained parinirvana at the Malla capital of Kushinagar.
Absorbed into the expanding Magadhan empire by around the 4th century BC.
Covers the Malla gaṇasaṅgha republics within the Mahajanapada-era political landscape and their link to the Buddha's death at Kushinagar.