A group of Bronze Age Zagros mountain tribes who inhabited the region called Lulubum (modern Sulaymaniyah area) and came into conflict with the Akkadian Empire and later Assyria.
Subjugated by successive Mesopotamian powers — first defeated by Naram-Sin of Akkad c. 2250 BCE (Naram-Sin reigned c. 2254–2218 BCE), repeatedly subdued by Assyria, and ultimately disappeared from historical records after the reign of Esarhaddon of Assyria (c. 669 BCE), absorbed into Median and then Achaemenid Persian territory.
A reliable, readable introduction to the Bronze Age peoples of Anatolia and the Hittite world, the milieu of the Hattians, Arzawa, Kizzuwatna, and Kaska.
Comprehensive reference for Iranian highland peoples including the Lullubi in their Zagros context.