A late Neolithic culture in the Yellow River valley known for its highly polished black pottery and evidence of walled settlements suggesting emergent social complexity.
The Longshan culture declined around 1900 BCE and transitioned into the Bronze Age cultures of China, including those associated with the semi-legendary Xia dynasty.
Key reference for Yellow River Neolithic cultures including Longshan.
The current standard synthesis of early Chinese archaeology, covering Yangshao, Hongshan, Longshan, Liangzhu, and Erlitou as China moves toward state formation.