A Hellenistic kingdom in northwestern Anatolia bordering the Propontis (Sea of Marmara), ruled by a local Bithynian dynasty that maintained independence through diplomatic balancing between Rome and its Anatolian neighbors.
The last king, Nicomedes IV, unable to resist Mithridates VI, was restored by Rome and in 74 BCE bequeathed his kingdom to the Roman Republic by will; it became part of the province of Bithynia et Pontus.
The standard scholarly survey of Hellenistic and Roman Anatolia; covers this kingdom in its regional context.
Era/regional synthesis of the Hellenistic kingdoms, covering Bithynia's diplomatic balancing between Rome and its Anatolian neighbors.