French lawyer-adventurer Antoine de Tounens proclaimed himself 'Orllie-Antoine I,' king of the Mapuche and Tehuelche lands of Araucanía and Patagonia, on 17 November 1860, with the backing of several Mapuche lonkos (including Kilapán) resisting Chilean and Argentine encroachment.
Chilean authorities arrested Tounens on 5 January 1862, declared him insane, and deported him to France; he made three failed attempts to reclaim the 'kingdom' before dying in poverty in 1878. The claim survives only as a self-proclaimed dynastic succession in exile, later invoked symbolically by some Mapuche rights activists — non-terminal as a claim, but never effectively governed after 1862.
Written by a later dynastic claimant to the Araucanían throne, tracing the kingdom's 1860 founding by Orélie-Antoine de Tounens through its contested succession in exile.