A loosely federated monarchy of Central Europe that claimed the legacy of Charlemagne's Carolingian empire and remained a defining political structure of medieval and early-modern Germany.
Dissolved on 6 August 1806 when Emperor Francis II abdicated the imperial title under pressure from Napoleon, following the formation of the French-backed Confederation of the Rhine.
The atlas holds 12 border frames for Holy Roman Empire — the shape you scrub through changes in 962 · 1050 · 1190 · 1290 · 1350 · 1446 · 1496 · 1515 · 1565 · 1625 · 1675 · 1708.
Classic constitutional history of the Empire from Charlemagne to its dissolution.
Comprehensive modern history of the Holy Roman Empire from its Carolingian origins to its dissolution in 1806.
A murder mystery in a 1327 imperial abbey, steeped in the era’s politics.
The Thirty Years’ War from below — the great German novel of the catastrophe.