Major steppe-based empire ('White Huns') controlling Central Asia and threatening Sasanians and Guptas, destroyed by combined Göktürk-Sasanian attack.
Destroyed c.557 CE at the Battle of Gol-Zarriun by a joint Göktürk–Sasanian alliance under Khosrow I, with territory north of the Oxus going to the Göktürks and territory to the south to the Sasanians; remnant principalities survived but the empire ceased to exist.
The atlas holds 2 border frames for Hephthalite Empire — the shape you scrub through changes in 408 · 560.
Covers the Hephthalites (White Huns) as part of the broader Hun groupings active in Central Asia; Routledge Peoples of the Ancient World series, confirmed via Routledge catalogue and Amazon listing (ISBN 9781138841758).
Broad survey covering the Hephthalite empire alongside neighboring steppe powers; Rutgers University Press, confirmed via Cambridge Core and Rutgers UP catalogue.