Walled Muslim city-state and trade hub of the eastern Horn, annexed by Ethiopia under Menelik II.
Conquered and annexed by Negus Menelik II of Shewa following the Battle of Chelenqo on 9 January 1887, ending the Emirate's independence; Harar was incorporated into Menelik's expanding state, which became the Ethiopian Empire in 1889.
Covers Harar and the Muslim polities of the eastern Horn within Ethiopian history.
Ethnographic survey of the Somali, Afar and related peoples of Harar's hinterland (broad context).