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Gaza Empire

Nguni offshoot kingdom of Soshangane that ruled southern Mozambique until the Portuguese conquest.

The Gaza Empire ended on 28 December 1895 when the last emperor, Gungunhana, was captured by Portuguese officer Mouzinho de Albuquerque at Chaimite following the Battle of Coolela (7 November 1895); Gungunhana was exiled to the Azores.

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Further reading

• The Mfecane Aftermath Carolyn Hamilton (ed.) · 1995

  The Nguni diaspora states, including Soshangane's Gaza, after the Mfecane.

• A History of South Africa Leonard Thompson · 1990

  Southern Africa within which the Gaza Empire rose (broad context, not Gaza-specific).

Sources

• Gaza Empire — Wikipedia
• Gungunhana — Wikipedia (via WebSearch 2026-06-25)