An independent city-state comprising Fiume (now Rijeka) and a narrow corridor to Italy, created by the 1920 Treaty of Rapallo after Gabriele D'Annunzio's irregular 1919-20 occupation of the city forced an international settlement.
Annexed by the Kingdom of Italy under the 1924 Treaty of Rome, splitting the city; the eastern Sušak district went to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.
Primary-source account by a participant in D'Annunzio's occupation that precipitated the Free State's creation; no dedicated modern monograph on the 1920-24 Free State itself surfaced in Open Library.