The eastern portion of the Carolingian Empire after the Treaty of Verdun (843), direct precursor to the Holy Roman Empire established in 962.
Transformed into the Holy Roman Empire in 962 when Otto I was crowned emperor by Pope John XII, uniting the East Frankish realm with the Kingdom of Italy under imperial authority.
Covers the Carolingian successor states including East Francia — verified via Open Library.
Primary source: Nithard's Histories narrate the 840s Frankish civil war and the Treaty of Verdun that created East Francia (primary source).
Era survey covering the post-Verdun Frankish kingdoms and the path to the Ottonian/Holy Roman world (era/regional context).