The Giray successor state of the Golden Horde, master of Crimea and the Pontic steppe, whose slave-raiding cavalry shaped Eastern Europe for three centuries.
Annexed by Catherine II's Russia in 1783 after a decade as a nominally independent Russian client.
The atlas holds 4 border frames for Crimean Khanate — the shape you scrub through changes in 1441 · 1496 · 1515 · 1565.
Classic survey of the khanate and its people.
A full history of the Crimean Tatars and their khanate, covering its diplomacy and wars with Poland-Lithuania and its other neighbours.