Joint Roman senatorial province combining the island of Crete with Cyrenaica (eastern coastal Libya), formed in 67 BC after the earlier Roman annexation of Cyrenaica (74 BC, inherited from the last Ptolemaic client-king of Cyrene, Ptolemy Apion, in 96 BC) and the conquest of Crete (66 BC). A major Jewish revolt (117 AD, the Kitos War) devastated Cyrenaica during the AD-era life of the province.
Split apart by Diocletian in 298 AD 'because of geographic inconvenience': Crete became its own province, and Cyrenaica was divided into Libya Superior (Pentapolis, capital Cyrene) and Libya Inferior (capital Paraetonium).
Covers Roman Cyrenaica as part of its survey of Roman North Africa (does not cover the Cretan half of the province).