An archaeological culture of Argentina's Northwest (Catamarca/Salta), developed principally in the Hualfín Valley along the Gaiyischi river, known for its extensive cemeteries. Emerged from the earlier La Candelaria culture with influences from the San Francisco river basin and southern Bolivia.
Considered a direct antecedent of the Aguada culture, which succeeded it in the same Catamarca highland valleys from roughly the 6th century AD.
Broad survey context for Formative-period Northwest Argentina, including the Ciénaga tradition.
Reference volume with chapters on Formative-period Northwest Argentine archaeology, the regional context for Ciénaga.