A Late Woodland-period archaeological culture (c. AD 300-700) of the lower Mississippi River Valley — sites in eastern Arkansas, western Tennessee, Louisiana, and western Mississippi — evolved from the earlier Marksville Hopewellian tradition. Unlike its contemporary the Troyville culture, Baytown peoples built dispersed settlements rather than continuing large earthwork centers. The type site is the Baytown Site on the White River, Monroe County, Arkansas.
Succeeded by the Plum Bayou culture; existed alongside the earthwork-building Troyville culture in the same broader region and period.
The dedicated regional synthesis covering both the Troyville and Baytown cultures together as a shared chronological period.