The Habsburg empire proclaimed by Francis I in response to Napoleon's coronation, superseding the Holy Roman Empire and governing a multi-ethnic central European state until its reorganization as Austria-Hungary.
Reorganized as the Austro-Hungarian dual monarchy under the Compromise of 1867 (Ausgleich), which granted Hungary co-equal sovereign status alongside Austria, effectively transforming the unitary Austrian Empire into Austria-Hungary.
The current standard history of the Habsburg monarchy across its Austrian and Austro-Hungarian phases for the general reader.
A classic sweeping history covering exactly the Austrian Empire's span and its evolution into the Dual Monarchy.
Standard narrative of the empire's long 19th-century decline, framing the Austrian Empire era.
Roth's novel tracing three generations of the Trotta family is the definitive elegy for the Habsburg Austrian Empire's decline.