Numerically the largest group of nomad Arab tribes, the Anizah held the triangle of the Syrian Desert from the Nefud to the approaches of Aleppo, together with pasture on the Euphrates and Khabur and a southern wing around Tayma and Khaybar. Not one state but a family of sections (Ruwala, Wuld Ali, Fadaan, Hasanah, Amarat, Sabaa, Bishr) under their own shaikhs, they taxed the Damascus–Baghdad desert crossing and the Syrian pilgrim caravan, and their 150-year feud with the Shammar shaped the politics of the northern desert.
Not an ending: the Anizah sections were never conquered as a body. Their dirah was cut up by state frontiers — the Uqair Protocol of 1922 fixed the Nejd–Iraq–Kuwait lines, the French and British mandates enclosed the Syrian and Iraqi steppe, and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was proclaimed in 1932 — after which the same tribe continues inside Saudi Arabia, Syria, Iraq, Jordan and Kuwait.
The atlas holds 2 border frames for Anizah (ʿAnazah) tribal confederation — the shape you scrub through changes in 1700 · 1800.
The first systematic European classification of the Arabian tribes, based on the author's 1810s residence; its 'Additions to the Classification of Bedouin Tribes' is the earliest dated account of the Anizah's move from Khaybar and Najd into Syria. Full text read on the Internet Archive.
The standard ethnography of the Ruwala, the western wing of the Anizah, from Musil's own residence in the Syrian Desert; the fullest single description of an Anizah section's dirah and seasonal migration. Existence and full text verified on the Internet Archive (mannerscustomsof00musi).