The canyon peoples between Sinaloa and Durango, whose country held the Topia silver road — Acaxee in the north, Xixime in the south, both of whom rose against the mines and the missions and both of whom lost.
Not an ending in 1611 but a long dissolution: broken by the risings of 1601 and 1610 and gathered into mission towns, the two peoples faded from the record and, a historian of the sierra writes, had disappeared as distinct cultures by the end of the eighteenth century.
The standard study of Acaxee, Xixime, Tepehuán and Tarahumara under Nueva Vizcaya, mission by mission.
Reconstructs the epidemics that preceded and shaped both risings in the sierra.